{"id":466,"date":"2025-09-25T13:05:06","date_gmt":"2025-09-25T10:05:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ebnearabi.com\/ar\/?p=466"},"modified":"2026-06-15T11:05:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T08:05:48","slug":"%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%b9%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ebnearabi.com\/ar\/466\/%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%b9%d8%a9.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f 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name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645.\u0634\u06cc\u0631\u06cc( \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f)<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0629\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1428\u0642(2007\u0645)\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635184\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 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\u00ab \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0636 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 : \u063a\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0637\u064e \u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u0650\u062b\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0643\u0630\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0631\u00bb<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062c\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u060c 1427\u0642\u060c \u062c8\u060c \u0635684<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\"><\/a>\u00a0[8]\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062c\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u060c 1427\u0642\u060c \u062c27\u060c \u063570\u061b\u00a0 \u062c27\u060c \u063578\u061b\u00a0 \u062c2\u060c \u0635702\u061b\u00a0 \u062c2\u060c \u0635712\u061b\u00a0 \u062c11\u060c \u0635325\u061b\u00a0 \u062c10\u060c \u0635485\u061b\u00a0 \u062c10\u060c \u0635293\u061b\u00a0 \u062c3\u060c \u0635144\u061b\u00a0 \u062c8\u060c \u0635785\u061b\u00a0 \u062c8\u060c \u0635666\u061b\u00a0 \u062c8\u060c \u0635646\u061b \u062c10\u060c \u0635499 \u0648\u2026<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062c\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u060c 1427\u0642\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635712<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062c\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u060c 1427\u0642\u060c \u062c3\u060c \u0635167<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u062c\u06f1 \u0635\u06f8\u06f6<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0629\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1428\u0642(2007\u0645)\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635190<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f6\u06f2\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629\u060c \u062c\u06f1\u060c \u0635\u06f2\u06f5\u06f5<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u06cc\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0634\u06cc\u062e \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f8\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0635\u06f9\u06f7<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u06a9\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u062c\u06a9\u06cc\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0630\u062e\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u06f1\u06f4\u06f1\u06f0\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u06f1\u060c \u0635\u06f1\u06f9\u06f7<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0639\u0634\u06cc\u060c \u06f1\u06f4\u06f0\u06f5\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0629\u060c \u062c\u06f1\u060c \u0635\u06f9\u06f7<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u06cc\u062d \u0641\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0642\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u063a\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u06f1\u06f4\u06f1\u06f0\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u062c\u06f2\u060c \u0635\u06f7\u06f7<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u062c\u0645\u06cc\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0634\u06cc\u0639\u0647<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u064a \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1365\u0647\u0640.\u0634\u060c \u0635\u0635 10 \u0648 12<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0629\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1428\u0642(2007\u0645)\u060c \u062c\u06f2\u060c \u0635\u06f9\u06f3<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 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\u0635 184<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 30\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641 1395\u0647\u0640.\u0634\u060c \u0635 169<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0640\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 2010\u0645\u060c \u0635 186-187.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0651\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0636\u0627\u0644\u0651 \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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